Pomegranate seed (Punica granatum L.) is a raw material rich in oil and bioactive components, possessing high functional value despite being a byproduct of fruit processing. The oil content of the seeds varies between approximately 8-20%, and this oil fraction is particularly noteworthy for its conjugated polyunsaturated fatty acids. Punicic acid, a characteristic fatty acid in the omega-5 group, constitutes the majority of the oil composition; this component can reach up to approximately 70-85% of total fatty acids. In addition, oleic, linoleic, palmitic, and stearic acids are present in the oil at lower rates. Pomegranate seed also exhibits high antioxidant capacity and oxidative stability thanks to containing bioactive components such as tocopherols, phytosterols, and phenolic compounds. These components increase the value of pomegranate seed oil, especially in functional food, nutraceutical, and cosmetic applications. Pomegranate is widely cultivated in the Mediterranean climate zone worldwide; Turkey is among the important pomegranate-producing countries, and the seed byproduct within the scope of the pomegranate processing industry offers significant potential.